Title: An In-Depth Look at Plumbing Systems for Home Inspectors

As a home inspector, your job is not just to look at the aesthetic appeal of a house, but also to investigate the hidden, intricate systems that keep the house functioning. Among these, one of the most critical systems to understand is the plumbing system. This article will provide you with an in-depth look into plumbing systems to help you better assess the health and integrity of these essential networks in homes.

Understanding Plumbing Systems

Plumbing systems serve two primary purposes – bringing fresh water into the house and taking wastewater out. The incoming water supply system operates under pressure, allowing water to travel upwards and reach all sections of the house, while the drainage system works by gravity, carrying wastewater downwards.

The Water Supply System

The water supply system begins at the municipal water main or well, where a service line brings the water into the house. Check if the pipes are made of lead, which poses health risks. Modern pipes are typically made from copper, plastic(PVC and PEX), or galvanized iron.

Inside the house, check the shut-off valve, usually located near where the water line enters. Every house should have a main shut-off valve that can halt the water supply in emergencies. Also, ensure individual shut-off valves are present at each water-using appliance such as sinks, toilets, dishwashers, and washing machines.

The Drainage System

The drainage, waste, and vent (DWV) system is responsible for removing wastewater and sewer gases. Start your inspection from the roof, where vent stacks allow air inside the DWV system, helping wastewater flow smoothly.

Inside the house, check the drainage pipes for leaks, corrosion, or blockages. The pipe size matters too; pipes with small diameters may clog more frequently. Modern homes usually have plastic(PVC or ABS) drain pipes, while older homes may still have cast iron or galvanized steel pipes.

Critical Plumbing Components

1. Water Heater: Inspect the water heater for its age, corrosion, and leaks. Check if it’s appropriately sized for the house and if safety measures like a temperature and pressure relief valve (TPR) and correct venting system are in place.

2. Traps: These curved sections of drainpipes prevent sewer gases from entering the house. You’ll find them under sinks, showers, and other drain locations. Ensure traps are not leaking and are well-maintained.

3. Backflow Preventers: These devices stop water from flowing back into the clean water supply. They must be present at certain fixtures and exterior systems, including sprinkler systems.

Common Plumbing Issues to Look Out For

A home inspector must identify potential problems in plumbing systems. Watch out for signs of leaks like water stains, mold, or mildew. Slow draining could indicate clogs in the system. Also, pay attention to noisy pipes as they may hint at loose pipes, water hammer, or high water pressure.

In conclusion, as a home inspector, you play an essential role in identifying issues in a home’s plumbing system. By understanding these systems and knowing what to look for, you can provide accurate and helpful evaluations necessary to both sellers and buyers.